Counter Reformation

Also known as the Catholic Reformation, generally refers to a period of Roman Catholic Church history in the 16th and 17th centuries.  The Counter Reformation consisted of two related movements:  1)  a defensive reaction against the Protestant Reformation, and  2)  Catholic reform.

The Roman Catholic Church called the Council of Trent partly as a defense against Protestantism.  It defined Catholic doctrine on questions disputed by Protestant theologians.